By Sissi Cao
Capital 海角社区app Service
COLLEGE PARK 鈥� Maryland鈥檚 casino industry has been growing at a double-digit pace since casino table gaming was legalized in 2012. But for casino operators, surviving and prospering becomes increasingly challenging in a climate of fierce competition.
Maryland Live, the largest casino in the state, accounted for 76 percent of the state鈥檚 total casino business in 2014, with its 4,200 slot machines and 189 gaming tables, according to the Maryland State Lottery and Gaming Control Agency.
Maryland Live鈥檚 market dominance was challenged by Horseshoe Baltimore, a similar-sized gaming facility opened 13 miles away in downtown Baltimore in August 2014. In the past ten months, Maryland Live鈥檚 market share has dropped to 60 percent.
With the opening of the MGM National Harbor in Prince George鈥檚 County in 2016, the competition will get even more intense. MGM is expected to take 7 percent of Horseshoe鈥檚 business and 16 percent of Maryland Live鈥檚 in 2019, according to a December 2013 study by Cummings Associates, a consulting company commissioned by the Maryland Lottery and Gaming Control Agency.
鈥淢aryland has too many casinos in too close an area,鈥� said Alan Woinski, president of Gaming USA Corp., which publishes an industry newsletter.
Maryland currently has five casinos, three of which are in rural locations. The main urban casinos are Horseshoe and Maryland Live, which own 74 percent of state鈥檚 total slot machines and almost all the gaming tables. Despite a decline in business in other states, Maryland鈥檚 casino industry is expected to continue growing in 2015 and 2016, according to an October 2014 forecast by Moody鈥檚 Investors Service, a credit-rating agency.
In a somewhat overcrowded battlefield, Maryland Live remains a stronger player compared with Horseshoe, bringing higher revenue than state officials initially estimated. In November 2013, Cummings Associates projected the opening of Horseshoe would cause Maryland Live鈥檚 revenue to decline 15 percent in 2015.
Maryland Live currently takes in an average of $51.5 million per month, more than doubling Horseshoe鈥檚 $22.4 million per month, according to their monthly financial reports to the Maryland Lottery and Gaming Control Agency. In April, Maryland Live reported revenue of $51 million, a 10 percent decrease compared with the same month one year ago. It is on target to meet the state鈥檚 annual revenue forecast for fiscal year 2015, which ends June 30.
Horseshoe lags behind
In June 2014, the Maryland Lottery and Gaming Control Agency projected Horseshoe would generate $354 million in revenue for the full 2015 fiscal year. It鈥檚 now expected to generate much less, $232 million, said Andrew Schaufele, the Maryland Bureau of Revenue Estimates director. The $232 million forecast is based on a slightly shorter time period, since Horseshoe opened in August 2015, 1.5 months into the new fiscal year. Despite the 1.5-month difference, the new forecast is still a lot lower than original and shows that Horseshoe isn’t doing as well as expected.
The two casinos鈥� performance saw the biggest gap in table game revenue. With about the same number of gaming tables, an average Maryland Live table generates $101,973 per month, almost 40 percent more than Horseshoe鈥檚 $63,775 per table, according to the Maryland Lottery and Gaming Control Agency.
Industry analysts said the two casinos鈥� success and failure boiled down to the old real estate agents鈥� mantra: location, location, location.
Maryland Live is in the Arundel Mills mall, the second-largest mall in the state, located halfway between Baltimore and Washington, and just south of BWI Airport. It is directly off the Baltimore-Washington Parkway, a major highway between the two cities. 鈥淭hey have a built-in clientele in the mall. The casino itself is also huge,鈥� Woinski said.
Part of Maryland Live鈥檚 success is it opened two years earlier than Horseshoe. Chris Jones, a senior gaming industry researcher at the Union Gaming Group, said casinos usually need one to three years to connect to local customers. Jones also noted the better casino customers are suburban residents who Maryland Live鈥檚 marketing resonated with. By contrast, Woinski said Horseshoe鈥檚 urban location puts the business at disadvantage. 鈥淚 never believe in the idea of 鈥榗ity casinos,鈥� 鈥� he said. Studies of other cities show urban residents have gambling alternatives nearby.
Horseshoe Baltimore is next to the M&T Bank Stadium, home of the Baltimore Ravens. State officials originally thought the 2014 football season would boost the casino鈥檚 business, but it proved otherwise.
鈥淚t can be the traffic in the area (I-95 and I-295) that drew more customers to Arundel Mills. Or it can be football itself,鈥� said Schaufele. 鈥淔ootball is so popular in Baltimore. People stay at home watching Washington football games instead of going to casinos.鈥�
Jones said the stadium business itself had a negative impact on the casino business. 鈥淒uring weekends and peak hours, traffic and high event parking charges will drive customers away from the casino,鈥� he said. Maryland Live and Horseshoe didn鈥檛 respond to email and telephone messages requesting comment.
National Harbor
Both Maryland Live and Horseshoe can expect competition from the $1.25 billion MGM resort casino in National Harbor, about 10 miles south of downtown Washington, D.C., which is expected to open in mid-2016. The MGM casino will have 3,300 slot machines and 160 gaming tables, comparable to the casino scale at Maryland Live and Horseshoe. In 2019, MGM is expected to bring in an additional $575 million in casino revenue to the state.
But unlike Maryland鈥檚 five existing casinos, MGM is positioning itself as a 鈥渄estination鈥� casino. Cummings Associates estimates MGM will attract 70 percent of its business from outside Maryland. 鈥淥ur mix of resort and entertainment amenities will be unique to the market,鈥� said Gordon Absher, a spokesman for MGM Resorts International. 鈥淥ur resort will offer customers a higher level experience than our competitors are able to deliver.鈥�
