HANOI, Vietnam (AP) 鈥� Vietnam unanimously elected Communist Party General Secretary To Lam as president for a five-year term, consolidating his control over both the party and the state.
The move departs from Vietnam鈥檚 tradition of shared leadership, in which the jobs have typically been held by different people, and echoes power structures in and neighboring Laos.
It has been widely expected since Lam鈥檚 reelection as Communist Party head in January, when observers noted that his consolidation of party authority positioned him to assume the presidency as well.
Former central bank governor Le Minh Hung was elected as the country’s prime minister for the next five years.
After being sworn in, the 69-year-old told the National Assembly that his top priority was to maintain peace and stability, which were the foundation for fast and sustainable growth. 鈥淲e aim to improve people鈥檚 livelihoods so all can share the benefits of development,鈥� he said.
This is To Lam鈥檚 second time holding both jobs, after when his .
The concentration of power was significant since it meant that Lam had a 鈥渟tronger mandate and far more political room to push through his agenda than any leaders鈥� since the 1980s, when Hanoi launched reforms to shed a state-run economy in favor of a market-oriented one open to foreigners, said Nguyen Khac Giang, of Singapore鈥檚 ISEAS鈥揧usof Ishak Institute research center.
鈥淭he opportunity is obvious. Faster decision-making, greater policy coherence, and a better chance of pushing difficult reforms at a pivotal moment. But the risk is that concentration of power can move faster than institutional reform,鈥� he said.
Lam’s rise to the top caps the ascent of a career policeman who advanced from Vietnam鈥檚 security services to the top of the political system. This was aided by a sweeping launched by his predecessor, which he oversaw as head of the Ministry of Public Security.
As party chief, Lam has led Vietnam鈥檚 biggest bureaucratic overhaul since the 1980s, cutting jobs, merging ministries, redrawing provincial boundaries and advancing major infrastructure projects.
He has focused on , aiming to move Vietnam beyond the labor- and export-driven model that has helped lift millions from poverty and build a manufacturing-based middle class. The country is targeting 10% or higher annual economic growth over each of the next five years.
Hung, the new prime minister, said that the 10% growth target is meant to help achieve the country鈥檚 strategic goals and that the government had identified 鈥渟trengthening science, technology, innovation and digital transformation as top priorities.鈥�
But challenges remain, especially the immediate task of turning this ambitious vision into reality with the world economy upended by the . Vietnam鈥檚 economy expanded at an annualized rate of 7.8% in the first three months of the year, up from 7.1% last year but below the 9.1% target and slower than in late 2025.
Giang said that Lam also faces political hurdles for reform buy-in and the challenge of maintaining Vietnam’s pragmatic approach to foreign policy.
Vietnam is facing but also has to balance ties with China, its largest trading partner and rival claimant in the South China Sea.
鈥淚t has benefited from a careful balancing strategy in foreign policy, but maintaining that position will become harder in a more turbulent world,鈥� he said.
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